Project Management for Research and DevelopmentGuiding Innovation for Positive R&D Outcomes By Lory Mitchell Wingate

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Today’s leading organizations recognize the importance of research and development (R&D) to maintain and grow market share. If companies want to survive into the future, they must accelerate their R&D-to-market cycles or find themselves behind the competition.

Project Management for Research and Development: Guiding Innovation for Positive R&D Outcomes explains how to apply proven project management methods to obtain positive outcomes in R&D and innovation projects. It addresses the specific factors companies must consider when using project management to scope, define, and manage R&D projects. It also offers best practices and case studies that illustrate actual applications of theory.

This book details methods to help readers optimize results in R&D through the use of structured processes derived from the project management field and other complementary disciplines. Each chapter includes diagrams, surveys, checklists, and question-answer forms to guide readers in determining where their activity falls along a project spectrum and to help them structure their own R&D project.

The methods presented in this book can easily be applied to innovation projects and creative endeavors. As there are limited sources of information on how to utilize project management methodology effectively in these types of projects, this book is an ideal resource for anyone looking to add structure and proven methods to enable R&D, innovation, and other creative activities.

Project Management Approaches
Nature of Projects
Formality of Project Management
     Formal Project
     Semiformal Project
     Informal Project
Traditional Project Management
     Scope
     Deliverables/Outcomes
     Requirements
     Approach
     Organization
     Schedule
     Budget
     Risk Management
     Performance Measurement
     Communications
Flexible Project Management
     Types of Flexible Development
     Key Components
Program Management
Portfolio Management
The Hierarchy of Project versus Program versus Portfolio Management
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Life Cycle Approach to Project Management
     Life Cycle Approach and R&D
          Research Phase
          Development Phase
          Control Phase
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Case Study: Explorers Connect8 Website Development Project
     Background
     Life Cycle Perspective
     Project Management
          Scope
          Deliverables/Outcomes
          Requirements
          Approach
          Organization
          Schedule
          Budget
          Risks and Mitigation Plan
          Performance Management
          Communications
     Outcomes
          Critical Branch Points
          Leadership
          Lessons Learned
     Case Analysis
Key Point Summary
     Key Concepts
     Key Terms
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References

Project Management as an Enabler
Traditional Project Management
R&D Project Management
Disciplines That Complement Project Management
     Flexible Methods
          Spiral Development
          Agile Method
     Management Frameworks
          Scrum
          Unified Process
          Dynamic Systems Development Method
          Product Lifecycle Management
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     Systems Engineering
          Systems Engineering Management Processes
          Systems Engineering Technical Processes
     Industrial Engineering
     Complementary Disciplines’ Value on R&D Projects
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Driving Innovation with Project Management
Case Study: The Design, Build, and Flight Test of a MIG-31 Model Aircraft
     Background
     Life Cycle Perspective
          Design
          Initial Build
          Flight Test #1
          Flight Test #2
          Flight Test #3
     Project Management
     Project Integration and Systems Engineering Challenges
     Outcomes
     Lessons Learned
          Selected R&D Challenges
          Selected Programmatic Challenges
     Case Analysis
Key Point Summary
     Key Concepts
     Key Terms
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References

Bounding the Creative Spaces
Elements of R&D
     Research
          Research Methods
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          Typical Steps in Research
     Development
          Development Methods
          Typical Steps in Development
     R&D Projects versus Other Projects
Elements of Innovation
      Innovation versus Other Types of Projects
          Innovation versus R&D
          Innovation versus Invention
          Innovation versus Creative Projects
Project Management Approach for R&D
     R&D Project Leadership
          Special Considerations: Project Leadership
     R&D Project Definition
          R&D Project Plan: Project Definition
          Special Considerations: Project Definition
     R&D Project Planning.
          R&D Project Plan: Project Planning
          Special Considerations: Project Planning
     R&D Project Controls
          Special Considerations: Project Controls
Project Management Approach for Innovation
     Innovation Project Leadership
     Innovation Project Definition
     Innovation Project Planning
     Innovation Project Controls
Case Study: Mars Environmental Capability Assessment (MECA) Project
     Background
     Life Cycle Perspective
     Project Management
     Outcomes
     Lessons Learned
          Selected R&D Challenges
          Selected Programmatic Challenges (Lessons Learned)
Case Analysis
Key Point Summary
     Key Concepts
     Key Terms
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References

Measuring Success
Defining Success
     Essential Foundations
          Project Manager
          Communications
          Project Baseline
     Definitions of Success across Disciplines
Types of Measurements
     Measures versus Metrics
Governance
     Change Management
     Configuration Management
Trend and Variance Analysis
     Technical Performance
     Schedule Performance
     Budget Performance
     Risk Management
     Resources Allocation
     Outcomes
Test, Verification, and Validation
Reviews
     Management Reviews
     Audit Reviews
     Information Reviews
     Peer Reviews
          Requirements Reviews
           Design Reviews
          Verification Reviews
     Phase, Decision Point, or Gate Reviews
     After-Action, Retrospective, Reflective, and Postmortem Reviews
Quality
     Quality Metrics
     Quality Inspection and Audit
     Benchmarking
     Statistical Modeling and Analysis
     Quality Controls
          Quality Tools
Technical Readiness
Case Study: Trekking the Planet—Bringing Geography to Life
     Background
     Life Cycle Perspective
     Project Management
          Defining the Scope
          Develop the Objectives
          Identify the Requirements
          Outline the Deliverables
          Develop the Schedule
          Develop the Budget
          Develop Risks and Mitigation Plan
          Develop a Contingency Plan
          Critical Branch Points
     Outcomes
     Lessons Learned
     Case Analysis
Key Point Summary
     Key Concepts
     Key Terms
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References

Building Blocks to Success
Key Objectives
Measurements for Different Project Types
     Basic and Applied Research Measures
     Development Measures
     Innovation Measures
     Production Measures
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Measurements for R&D Projects
     Essential Measurements
     Implementing the Techniques
     Metrics for R&D
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Measuring R&D Performance
     Documentation
     Budget and Schedule
     Outcomes
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     Change and Configuration Management
     Risk Management
     Reviews
     Quality
     Leadership
     Communications
Case Study: Flower Circles and Watercolours Project
     Background
     Life Cycle Perspective
     Project Management
          Defining the Scope
          Develop the Objectives
          Identify the Requirements
          Outline the Deliverables
          Develop the Schedule
          Develop the Budget
          Develop Risks and Mitigation Plan
          Critical Branch Points
     Outcomes
          Defining Success
          Types of Measures Used
          Governance
          Trends and Variances
          Test, Verification, and Validation
          Reviews
          Quality
          Controlled Progression
          Leadership
          Communications
     Lessons Learned
     Case Analysis
Key Point Summary
     Key Concepts
     Key Terms
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References

Overcoming Obstacles
Risk Management
     Risk Management Processes
     Risk Management Plan
Risk at the Project Level
     Identification of Risk
      Risk Assessment
     Responses
     Mitigation
     Monitoring and Change Control
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Risk at the Program Level
Risk at the Portfolio Level
     Compiling
     Assessing
     Downselecting
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Essential Risk Management for R&D
     R&D Risk Plan and Approach
     R&D Risk Decision Support
     R&D Risk Responses and Mitigation
     R&D Risk Monitoring and Change Control
Case Study: LEGO^® Mindstorms^®     Background
     Life Cycle Perspective
     Project Management
          Defining the Scope
          Develop the Objectives
          Identify the Requirements
          Outline the Deliverables
          Develop the Project Schedule
          Develop the Budget
          Develop Risks and Mitigation Plan
          Critical Branch Points
     Outcomes
          Defining Success
          Types of Measures Used
          Governance
          Trends and Variances
          Test, Verification, and Validation
          Reviews
          Quality
          Controlled Progression
          Leadership
          Communications
     Lessons Learned
     Case Analysis
Key Point Summary
     Key Concepts
     Key Terms
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References

Facilitating the Creative Team
Leading the R&D Team
     R&D Project Management
          The Leadership Role
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          The Management Role
Managing the Workforce
     Staff Selection and Diversity
     Team Building Activities
     Objectives Alignment
     Workforce Sharing
     Team Evolution
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Optimizing the R&D Output
     Organizational Alignment
     Learning Environment
     Free Time
     Free Speech
     Focus on Outcomes
     Creative Physical Environment
     Performance Incentives
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     Accountability and Responsibility
          Commitment
          Responsibility
          Fortitude
Project Management for Specific Disciplines
     Researcher or Scientist R&D
     Artistic R&D
     Engineer R&D
     Software R&D
Case Study: Adventure Day Camps on the Shores of Lake Grapevine
     Background
     Life Cycle Perspective
     Project Management
          Defining the Scope
          Develop the Objectives
          Identify the Requirements
          Outline the Deliverables
          Develop the Project Schedule
          Develop the Budget
          Develop Risks and Mitigation Plan
          Critical Branch Points
     Outcomes
          Defining Success
          Types of Measures Used
          Governance
          Trends and Variances
          Test, Verification, and Validation
          Reviews
          Quality
          Controlled Progression
          Leadership
          Communications
     Lessons Learned
     Case Analysis
Key Point Summary
     Key Concepts
     Key Terms
Apply Now
References

Process Steps for the R&D Project
Project Fit, Alignment, and Approach (Steps 1 and 2)
Elements of Complementary Disciplines (Step 3)
Facilitate the Type of R&D Project (Step 4)
Project Management and Systems Engineering Documents (Steps 5 and 6)
Project Baseline and Measurements (Step 7)
Active Management (Step 8)
Mitigate Risks and Seize Opportunities (Step 9)
Facilitate and Support the R&D Team (Step 10)

Bibliography
Appendix 1
Appendix 2
Index

Author(s)

Biography

Lory Mitchell Wingate has achieved notable success in program and project management within policy research, aerospace engineering, production and support, and scientific research organizations. With over 25 years of experience in both for-profit and non-profit companies, Wingate possesses detailed knowledge and expertise in project management and has developed a strong method for combining the best practices from several disciplines into a winning formula for the management of research and development.

She has an MBA in information technology management, and is a Certified Project Management Professional (PMP^®). Wingate’s area of expertise is in project management, program management, and systems engineering, and she actively pursues opportunities to present training workshops and materials associated with her areas of expertise.

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