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Engineering Management: Meeting the Global Challenges prepares engineers to fulfill their managerial responsibilities, acquire useful business perspectives, and take on the much-needed leadership roles to meet the challenges in the new millennium. Value addition, customer focus, and business perspectives are emphasized throughout. Also underlined are discussions of leadership attributes, steps to acquire these attributes, the areas engineering managers are expected to add value, the web-based tools which can be aggressively applied to develop and sustain competitive advantages, the opportunities offered by market expansion into global regions, and the preparations required for engineering managers to become global leaders.
The book is organized into three major sections: functions of engineering management, business fundamentals for engineering managers, and engineering management in the new millennium. This second edition refocuses on the new strategy for science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) professionals and managers to meet the global challenges through the creation of strategic differentiation and operational excellence. Major revisions include a new chapter on creativity and innovation, a new chapter on operational excellence, and combination of the chapters on financial accounting and financial management.
The design strategy for this second edition strives for achieving the T-shaped competencies, with both broad-based perspectives and in-depth analytical skills. Such a background is viewed as essential for STEM professionals and managers to exert a strong leadership role in the dynamic and challenging marketplace. The material in this book will surely help engineering managers play key leadership roles in their organizations by optimally applying their combined strengths in engineering and management.
Introduction to Management Challenges for Engineers
Introduction
Definitions
Employment Trend in Industries
STEM Professionals as Effective Technical Contributors
Management and Leadership
Becoming Effective Managers in the New Millennium
Conclusions
References
THE FUNCTIONS OF ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT
Planning
Introduction
Types of Planning
Who Should Do the Planning?
Inexact Nature of Strategic Planning
Planning Roles of Engineering Managers
Tools for Planning
Planning Activities
Some Specific Advice on Planning
Conclusion
References
Organizing
Introduction
Definitions
Activities of Organizing
Organizing One’s Own Workplace for Productivity
Developing Organizational Structure
Enhancing Corporate Performance by Organizing: Examples
Concurrent Engineering Teams
Delegating
Establishing Working Relationships
Informal Organizations
Conclusion
References
Leading
Introduction
Styles of Leadership
Leading Activities
Deciding
Communicating
Motivating
Selecting Engineering Employees
Developing People
Special Topics on Leading
Conclusion
Appendix A: Factors Affecting One’s Influence on Others
Appendix B: Motivation of Mission-Critical People
References
Controlling
Introduction
Setting Performance Standards
Benchmarking
Measuring Performance
Evaluating Performance
Correcting Performance
Means of Control
General Comments
Control of Management Time
Control of Personnel
Control of Business Relationships
Control of Projects
Control of Quality
Control of Knowledge
Conclusion
References
BUSINESS ESSENTIALS FOR ENGINEERING MANAGERS
Cost Accounting for Engineering Managers
Introduction
Product or Service Costing
Application of ABC in Industry
Risk Analysis and Cost Estimation under Uncertainty
Miscellaneous Topics
Conclusions
Appendix A: Basic Terms in Cost Accounting
Appendix B: Cost Analysis
Appendix C: Time Value of Money and Compound Interest Equations
Appendix D: Depreciation Accounting
Appendix E: Inventory Accounting
Appendix F: Derivation of Single Payment Compound Amount Factor
Appendix G: Derivation of Uniform Series Compound Amount Factor
Appendix H: Derivation of Annual Cost Computation Equations
Appendix I: Conversion of a Probability Density Function to Its Cumulative Distribution Function
References
Financial Accounting and Management for Engineering Managers
Introduction
Financial Accounting Principles
Key Financial Statements
Fundamentals of Financial Analysis
Balanced Scorecard
Capital Formation
Capital Assets Valuation
Conclusion
Appendix A: T-Accounts
Appendix B: Financial Risks
Appendix C: Derivation of an Infinite Series
Appendix D: Derivation of the Dividend Growth Model
Appendix E: Derivation of PVGO
References
Marketing Management for Engineering Managers
Introduction
Function of Marketing
Market Forecast: Four-Step Process
Market Segmentation
Product/Service Strategy
Pricing Strategy
Marketing Communication (Promotion)
Distribution (Placement) Strategy
Physical Evidence
Process Design
People
Customers
Other Factors Affecting Marketing Success
Conclusion
Appendix A: Product Concept Testing Program (Air Cleaners)
Appendix B: Consumer Survey and Market Research
Appendix C: New Product Development
References
ENGINEERING LEADERSHIP IN THE NEW MILLENNIUM
Engineers as Managers/Leaders
Introduction
Career Path of a Typical Engineer
Factors Affecting Promotion to Manager
Factors Causing Engineers to Fail as Managers
Leaders and Managers
Leadership Styles, Qualities, and Attributes
Leadership Skills for the Twenty-First Century
Unique Contributions Expected of Engineering Managers
Career Strategies for the Twenty-First Century
Take-Charge Formula
Conclusion
Appendix A: Ten Factors for Survival and Success in Industry (Alexander and Watson 2013)
Appendix B: Seven Most Common Reasons for Career Failures
Appendix C: Tips on Coping for First-Time Supervisors and Managers
Appendix D: How to Manage One’s Own Superiors
References
Creativity and Innovation
Introduction
Creativity and Creative Thinking Strategies
Generation of New Products/Services Ideas by the DeepThink Methodology
Fundamentals of Innovations
Innovation Management
Selected Innovation Practices in Industry
Conclusions
Appendix A: DeepThink Question-Based Prompts
Appendix B: Selected Examples of Creative Ideas That Demonstrate the Use of DeepThink Methodologies
References
Ethics in Engineering Management and Workplace
Introduction
Ethics in the Workplace
Guidelines for Making Tough Ethical Decisions
Corporate Ethics Programs
Affirmative Action and Workforce Diversity
Global Issues of Ethics
Conclusion
References
Operational Excellence
Introduction
Tools for Achieving Operational Excellence
Implementation of Operational Excellence
Conclusions
Appendix: "Service" Model
References
Globalization
Introduction
Global Trends and Commerce
United Nations Statistics and Goals
Great Philosophical Debate about Globalization
Impact of Catastrophic Events on Globalization
New Opportunities Offered by Globalization
Preparation for Globalization
Globalization Drivers
Implementation Issues Related to Globalization
Quality of Global Leadership
Production Engineering in a Global Economy
Job Migration Induced by Globalization
Conclusion
References
Engineering Management in the New Millennium
Introduction
Future Trends
Old Economy and Knowledge Economy Companies
Characteristics of Progressive Companies
Transition to the Knowledge Economy
Personal Strategies for the Future
Contributions in the New Millennium
The Challenges Ahead
Conclusions
References
Appendix: Selected Engineering Management and Business Cases
C. M. Chang, PhD, MBA, is an adjunct professor emeritus at the Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, NY, where he has taught engineering management for over 25 years and served, for a brief period of time, as its director of service engineering master degree program, after having retired from Praxair, a Fortune 100 company after 25 years. He holds five U.S. patents and has published a large number of technical articles in journals and conference proceedings, including the First Edition of "Engineering Management: Challenges in the New Millennium," which won the "Best IAMOT Book Awards of 2007," and "Service Systems Management and Engineering: Creating Strategic Differentiation and Operational Excellence," which won the "Best IAMOT Book Awards 2011," plus several other books. He also is a registered professional engineer.
"The book provides the necessary tools for modern managers to help manage technology and engineering operations. The second edition adds more contemporary topics, such as Ethics, Globalization, Creativity and Innovation."
—David Ben-Arieh - Kansas State University