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Rail Human Factors around the WorldImpacts on and of People for Successful Rail Operations Edited By John R Wilson
M00002238
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The rail human factors/ergonomics community has grown quickly and extensively, and there is much increased recognition of the vital importance of ergonomics/human factors by rail infrastructure owners, rail operating companies, system developers, regulators and national and trans-national government. This book, the third on rail human factors, is drawn from papers presented at the Lille 3rd International Conference on Rail Human Factors. The contributions cover the range of human and organisational issues on the railway, from driving to signalling and control to maintenance and engineering work, to passengers and security issues such as trespass, and address improvements in safety, reliability, use of capacity, efficiency and quality.
The book represents the best of recent work in rail human factors, and starts to define the framework for the next few years. As well as the human factors areas listed above, the conference and thus the book are notable for sessions on simulation in rail human factors and on human factors in metro design and operation. The book also reflects the increased attention being paid to, and developments in, understanding all aspects of rail stakeholders’ behaviour, and also the contribution of ergonomics/human factors to innovative network control systems which will enhance reliability, safety and use of capacity.
The book will be of interest to a number of groups: those working in the rail sector from a human factors point of view; the larger rail industry and related bodies generally; and in terms of transferrable knowledge to ergonomists and human factors specialists working in other industries.
Table of Contents
Preface
Keynote: The third age of human factors: From independence to interdependence
E. Hollnagel
Rail safety, human reliability, accident reporting and rules
The classification and analysis of railway incident reports
W.H. Gibson, A. Mills & S. Hesketh
“A posteriori” analysis of occupational accidents: A new casual analysis approach
C. Blatter, G. Tirilly, S. Barthelme, S. Leblois & M. Mazeau
(Why) are Dutch cargo trains 2.6 times more often involved in SPADs compared to passenger trains?
R. van derWeide, H.F.L. Frieling & D.W. de Bruijn
How much regulation should there be? Rules and their application in three different fields of railway work
J.Weichbrodt & G. Grote
Human factors aspects of enforcement decision making
J. Mawhood
Investigating assistance provision to disabled rail users
J. Cardell, S. Idris & P.Wilks
Human reliability management software and audit plan of human factors in highly automated railway systems
P. Calvo Holgado, B. Gil de Egea & C. García Suárez
Human factors in the railway system safety analysis process
M. Hammerl & F. Vanderhaegen
Development, use and usability of TRACEr-RAV (Technique for Retrospective Analysis of Cognitive Errors for Rail, Australian Version
C. Caponecchia, M.T. Baysari & A.S. McIntosh
Can the concept of organisational drift help explain the degradation of safety performance that may be observed during re-franchising?
P. Leach & J. Berman
Simulation for rail human factors
Determining the effect of simulator configuration in a VR train driver system
T.K. Yates & S. Sharples
Efficient control of passenger railways: Testing advice and information systems in a driving simulator
T. Albrecht & C. Gassel
Rail simulations to study human reliability
F. Vanderhaegen
Assessment of train drivers’ performance in a driving simulator
C. Maag & M. Schmitz
Simulator tests of a harmonised European driver’s desk
M. Rentzsch, D. Seliger, D. Miglianico & D. Georget
From a testing laboratory for railway technical components to a human factors simulation environment
M. Hammerl, M. De Filippis, I. Steinhäuser, C. Torens, O. Gantz, M. Meyer zu Hörste & K. Lemmer
Uploading to the MATRICS: Combining simulation and serious gaming in railway simulators
J. van Luipen & S. Meijer
Development of software add-on tools for enhancing the capabilities of train driving simulators
M. Schmitz & C. Maag
Human factors integration in rail simulators
B. Gil de Egea, P. Calvo Holgado & C. García Suárez
Ergonomics design and human factors integration in the railway
A case study of human factors integration in the rules change process
T. Luke & K. Bonsall
Integration in design projects – delivering the return on investment
E. Grimes, K. Wright & G. Hillier
Embedding good human factors in complex multi-disciplinary engineering projects
G. Hillier, K. Wright & E. Grimes
Involving end users in the light rail cab design. A global approach
J.R. Ruiz-Rodríguez, J.S. Solaz, D. Miglianico, L. de Victoria, H. de Rosario, B. Mateo & A. Soler
3D virtual environments in rail ergonomics
T. Sobkow & K. Wright
Case studies in the specification and design of interim control points
R.Waterhouse & J. Robinson
From buttons for fingers towards graphics for brains; history and future of ticket vending machines
L. Verhoef
Investigating presentation of rail specific spatial information on handheld computer screens
Y. Dadashi, S. Sharples, J.R.Wilson &T. Clarke
Usability testing for German railway HMIS: A chance to optimize software engineering
F. Feldmann & M. De Filippis
Emergency whiteboard design for Network Rail
A. Parkes & N. Carroll
Preparation for the rollout of the GB GSM-R system
G. Morrisroe
Human factors and the metro and light rail
Human factors and London Underground: Past, present and future
J.Wackrow & A. Slamen
Developing the in-cab signalling display for the Victoria Line
J.Wood
Effective human factors integration in the design of a signalling and train control system for the metro rail industry
S. Heape & C. Lowe
Human error analysis of signal and point maintenance assets: An overview of the process for validation of quantification of potential human errors
P. Traub & J.Wackrow
The use of style guides to support user interface design in the metro rail industry
D. Lock, M. Kazem & S. Heape
Rail signalling and control human factors
Measuring situation awareness in rail signalling
D. Golightly, N. Balfe, S. Sharples & E. Lowe
A systems approach to the assessment of mental workload in a safety critical environment
A. Pretorius
Signaller forms automation: The ultimate irony of automation
N. Balfe, E. Lowe, R. Abboud, Y. Dadashi, R. Bye & P. Murphy
The application of cognitive work analysis in rail
L. Millen, S. Sharples, D. Golightly & N. Balfe
Effects of level of signalling automation on workload and performance
N. Balfe, J.R.Wilson, S. Sharples & T. Clarke
An analysis of the usability of a planning algorithm: An empirical study in The Netherlands Railways
R.J. Jorna,W. vanWezel & J. Bos
Operative tests of a new system for train traffic control
G. Isaksson-Lutteman, A. Kauppi, A.W. Andersson, B. Sandblad & M. Erlandsson
Signaller workload exploration and assessment tool (SWEAT)
P. Shanahan, D. Gregory & E. Lowe
Development and implementation of a predictive tool for optimizing workload of train dispatchers
M. Zeilstra, D.W. de Bruijn & R. van derWeide
Train driver performance, driving aids, train cab HMI and level crossings
Red means stop, doesn’t it? A human factors trial of a UK train safety system driver-machine interface
A. Scott & H. Gibson
Feasibility of head up displays in driving cabs
K. Davies, P. Thorley, M. Thomas & H. Gibson
LED’s make rail better
D.W. de Bruijn & H.F.L. Frieling
“By the seat of their pants” cues and feedback used by train crew
N. Doncaster
Future train cab interface design: Development of a model to support driver situation awareness
M.S. Young & D.P.J. Grenier
Using a model of train driver performance to investigate the contribution of human factors to rail incidents
H. Blanchard & E. Lowe
Improving driver management – supporting driver managers
P. Leach & J. Berman
Simulation in junction signalling design
J. Aitchison, K. Davies, P. Cavanagh, M. Bendig, M. Thomas & K. Boak
The development of a visibility tool to support sign and signalling work on the railway
A. Peron, E. Lowe, C. Turner, T. Troscianko & P.G. Lovell
Further development of a route drivability assessment tool: Improving usability and supporting incident investigation
A. McKenzie-Kerr,W.I. Hamilton, P. Townsend & E. Lowe
Another train coming:Warnings at automatic level crossings
J. Heavisides, M. Barrett & S. Hesketh
Rail road safety audit checklist on grade crossings in Iran
M.R. Keymanesh &A.R. Arjroody
Rail engineering work and maintenance
Principles for protecting rail engineering work – challenges for the human factors community
A. Schock, B. Ryan & J.R.Wilson
Assessing safety impact of process change
R. Ollerenshaw & P. Murphy
Identification of resilience factors in rail engineering work
P. Ferreira, T. Clarke, J.R.Wilson, S. Sharples & B. Ryan
Patrolling excellence: Implementing behaviour change in a maintenance delivery team
F. Kenvyn & N. Hattotuwa
What is ‘concentrated effort’? Can it be applied safely to tasks undertaken in the red zone?
L. Sutton & E. Lowe
Protection of track work and maintenance of way personnel on Canadian railways
D. Roosenboom
Competence, behaviour, training, fatigue and communications
“More effective supervision, please!”
C.E. Dickinson
Reaping the benefits – How railways can build on lessons learned from Crew Resource Management
B. Klampfer, E. Grey, A. Lowe, B. Hayward & K. Brandford
The assessment and management of errors in a simulator: A rail-based case study
K. Bonsall & J. Pitsopoulos
Dipping into organisational change: The do’s and don’ts
T. Farrington-Darby, J. McNamara & E. Courtney
The impact of social networks, work pressures and decision latitude
on site manager’s safety vs. productivity behaviours
N. Hattotuwa
Is conflict good?
E. Courtney
Personality traits and cognitive abilities of manual ultrasonic operator performance
A. Bell, G. Munley, K. Rowley, B. McGrath & H. Bainbridge
Psychometric testing in the railway: Getting the right tools for the job
J. McNamara
European legislation and occupational psychological evaluation of train drivers and other safety related personnel
S. Elatri
Leading practice in rail training and competence management
J. Pitsopoulos & R. Luckins
Training line managers in the art of human factors investigation
E. Lowe
Awareness and attention training for railway signallers
R.E. Luther & E. Lowe
Evaluating options for the formalisation of railway safety critical communications
C. Turner, A. McKenzie-Kerr, J. Peters, H. Gibson, A. Scott & E. Lowe
Findings of an industry wide railway communications survey
C. Turner, A. McKenzie-Kerr, J. Peters, H. Gibson & A. Scott
Mitigating the effects of monotony: The role of task complexity
N. Dunn & A. Williamson
Sleep, fatigue and hours of work of French train drivers
P. Cabon, V. Lancelle, R. Mollard, J.Y. Grau, C. Blatter, M. Kaplan, M.P. Severyns & G. Tirilly
Level of automation: Effects on train driver vigilance
P. Spring, A. McIntosh, C. Caponecchia & M.T. Baysari
Supporting the passengers and public
Facilitating shared expectations between passengers and front-line staff
J. Stafford, G. Pettersson & S. Neath
Evacuation from trains – the railway safety challenge
L. Kecklund, I. Anderzén, S. Petterson, J. Haggstrom & B.Wahlstrom
Investigating assistance provision to disabled rail users
J. Cardell, S. Idris & P.Wilks
High density boarding and alighting: How do people really behave? A psycho-physical experiment
I. Rowe & N. Tyler
Providing better information during temporary timetable changes
R.Wicksman
Author index
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